Video & Production Sound Exercises

Video & Production Sound - Exercises

21/04/2025- /0/2025 / Week 1 – Week
Valenz Jycee Primadi / 0373407
Video & Production Sound /Creative Media/ The School of design
Exercises

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Lectures

2. Instructions

3. Exercises

4.Feedback

5. Reflection

LECTURES

Week 1 : Asynchronous Material

Before diving into cinematography, we'll learn about Asynchronous. "Asynchronous" refers to processes that do not occur synchronously or simultaneously at the same time. This means that video processes can operate independently, without waiting for other operations to finish first. We'll beginning with the basics, such as shot size, camera angle, and composition.

Shot Size

In cinematography, shot size refers to the amount of a subject or setting that is visible in the image frame. Shot size is significant in cinematography because it dictates how close or far the camera is to the subject, influencing the audience's perception of the visual tale.

In video and film production, various shot sizes are used to create various effects. The function of shot size in cinematography is to organize the visual story in the audience's heads by leveraging the size of the topic within the frame.

Type of Shot Size :

An Establishing Shot : is a shot in film or television that establishes the framework for the upcoming scene and informs the audience about where the action will take place. It depicts the relationships between people and items while also establishing the scene's topography. For example 28 Days Later.

Extreme Long Shot (ELS) or Extreme Wide Shot (EWS) : An extreme long shot (or extreme wide picture) reduces your subject's size in comparison to its surroundings. You might utilize an extreme long shot to make your topic seem remote or strange. For Example Mad Max : Fury Road.

Long Shot (LS) or Wide Shot (WS) : The long shot (sometimes known as a wide shot, abbreviated "WS") is the same idea, but slightly closer. If your subject is a human, his or her entire body will be visible, but not filling the frame. For Example The Martian.

Full Shot (FS): a shooting technique that captures the subject's full body, from head to toe, in a single picture. For Example Django Unchained

Medium Wide Shot (MWS) : A medium long shot (commonly referred to as a medium long shot) catches the subject from around the knees up. It divides the difference between a full and medium shot. For example The Usual Suspects.

Cowboy Shot (CS) : framing the subject from around mid-thighs up. A "cowboy shot" is a technique used in Westerns to frame a gunslinger's gun or holster on his hip. For example Wonder Woman.

Medium Shot (MS) : One of the most popular camera images. It's similar to the cowboy shot above, but the camera moves from the waist up and through the torso. As a result, your topic is highlighted more but their surroundings remain visible. For example X-Men: Days of Future Past.

Medium Close Up Shot (MCU) : The medium close-up captures your subject from around the chest upward. So it often prioritizes the face while keeping the subject at a distance. For example Country for Old Men.

Close Up (CU) : fills the frame with a portion of your subject. If your subject is a person, it is typically their face For example The Usual Suspect

Extreme Close Up (ECU) : An extreme close-up is the most you can fit into a frame with your subject. It frequently shows eyeballs, lips, and gun triggers. Smaller items are the primary point of extreme close-up pictures because they receive a lot of detail. For Example X-men : First Class.

Camera Shot Framing

Camera shot framing is the art and science of arranging subjects in your photographs. Camera shots are all about composition. Rather than pointing the camera at the topic, you should compose an image.

Types of camera shot frames:

Single Shot : A film or video filming technique in which a scene or sequence of events is captured in a single continuous take with no cuts or camera changes.
Two Shot (2-Shot) : A shot that shows two people in the same camera frame.
Three Shot (3-Shot) : A shot that captures three persons in one frame or camera view. This approach is frequently used in films, videos, and other visual media to tell a story or represent the interaction of three individuals.
Over-The-Shoulder Shot (OTS) : A shooting technique in which the camera is placed behind a subject's shoulder, facing another subject. The subject's shoulder visible in the foreground gives a sense of presence and perspective from that subject. This technique is commonly employed to depict a conversation or interaction between two people in a film or video.
Over-The-Hip Shot (OTH) : An over-the-hip shot is similar to an over-the-shoulder shot in that the camera is positioned with a character's hip in the front and the subject in the plane of acceptable focus.
Point of View Shot (POV) : is a camera shot that shows the audience exactly what the character sees. This puts the audience into that character.

Camera angle

The camera shot angle specifies where the camera should be situated while taking a shot. The camera's position in respect to the subjects influences how the viewer interprets the scene. A scene can be shot from many camera angles simultaneously in order to enhance the cinematic effect and impact on the viewer.

Type of Camera Shot Angles :

Eye Level Shot : a shooting technique in which the camera is placed at eye level with the subject being photographed.
Low Angle Shot : a shooting technique in which the camera is placed below the subject being photographed.
High Angle Shot : a shooting technique where the camera is positioned above an object and looks down.
Hip Level Shot : a cinematic camera angle in which the camera is placed at the same height as the subject's waist or hips.
Knee Level Shot : taking pictures where the camera is placed at knee height of the object.
Ground Level Shot : a shooting technique where the camera is placed parallel to the ground or floor, as if we are looking from the same perspective as the object being photographed.
Shoulder Level Shot : shooting angle where the camera is parallel to the subject's shoulder, slightly higher than eye level (the eye's point of view).
Dutch Angle Shot (dutch tilt) : a shooting technique in which the camera is tilted (not horizontal) so that the horizon is not parallel to the bottom of the frame.
Birds-Eye-View Shot (Overhead Shot) : a type of shot in cinematography and photography in which the camera is placed directly above the subject, providing a bird's-eye view.
Aerial Shot : shooting (photos or videos) taken from a higher perspective, usually from an airplane, helicopter, drone, or other flying object.

Composition

Composition refers to how parts of a scene are organized within a camera frame. Shot composition is the arranging of visual elements to communicate an intended message.

Part of Composition :

The rule of Third : A great way to frame the objects in your scene so that the final image is considerably more visually appealing. Like most other filmmaking "rules," it is more of a golden suggestion than a rule.
Balance & Symmetry : principles of visual composition that are important for creating an attractive and harmonious appearance.
Leading lines : are actual lines (or sometimes imaginary ones) in a frame to direct the viewer's attention to crucial components of the scene.
Eye-level framing : positions the audience at eye level with the characters, offering the impression that we are equal to them.
Depth of field : knowledge offers particular control over their photos.
Deep space : happens when key parts in a scene are located both near and far from the camera.

Week 1 Quiz :

Week 2 : Three act structure

Before we get to know the three act structure in more depth, let's learn the basics of the three act structure. What is The three-act structure? The three act structure is a narrative framework that divides a story into three main sections: the setup, the confrontation, and the resolution. These acts correspond to the beginning, middle, and end of the story, providing a structured path for storytelling.

Brief History of The Three Act Structure

Now that we've defined the three act structure in film, I want to rewind the history. Aristotle's Poetics is the oldest storybook and essential reading for screenwriters. But it is not valuable because it is old, but because of its observations. Aristotle pointed out that every story must have a beginning, middle, and end the origin of the three-act structure.

Nowadays, screenwriters tend to elaborate on this concept, specifying what should be in each act. But fundamentally, the three-act structure instructs one basic principle: every event must lead to the next. This cause-and-effect chain is what makes the illusion of story.

The Basics of The Three Act Structure :

Act I: Setup

The setup includes introduction of characters, their world, and some sort of ''inciting incident," generally something that sets the story in motion. It's generally the initial 20-30 minutes of a movie.

Act II: Confront or Build

The midpoint of your story should raise the stakes, you want the audience to keep watching. This is the majority of the story and will usually lead us to the worst-case scenario for the character.

Act III: Resolution or Payoff

The conclusion requires some kind of catharsis or resolution, (whether the ending is a happy one or sad). It's a sigh, either relief or despair.

Three Act Structure Breakdown

The three-act structure is a narrative model that divides a story into three main sections

The Hook

the first event or instant in Act 1 that captivates the audience's interest and forces them to keep on reading or viewing. For example Jurrasic Park's script

Inciting Event

the inciting incident is a crucial event in Act One that interrupts the protagonist's typical existence and initiates the central conflict of the story. It is the moment when the world of the protagonist is turned upside down, and they are confronted with a new reality, which sets off the rising action and the unfolding of the central problem of the story.

The First Plot Point

the First Plot Point is the end of Act One and the beginning of Act Two, typically around 25% of the way into the story. It is a turning point where the main character makes a significant decision or experiences a significant event that propels them into the central conflict and issues of Act Two. It is the turning point from setup to increasing action and confrontation.

The First Pinch Point

The first pinch point is roughly a quarter of the way through the second act. This is usually the first obstacle, and generally, a small one, and generally involves the villain. Maybe most importantly, this pinch builds towards the midpoint (stay tuned for further details).

The Midpoint

The midpoint is, not surprisingly, halfway through the movie. Usually, it's a scene in which the protagonist thinks he or she knows what's going on and then the rug gets pulled out from under him or her.

Second Pinch Point

Similar to the first pinch point, this isn't as large as, for example, the break into act 2 or the midpoint. But it's significant in establishing the third act. Typically, the pinch point is a reversal. The hero is in serious trouble and the audience is beginning to wonder how they're going to get out of this.

Third Plot Point

Otherwise known as the break into act 3. Accordingly, this plot point brings us into the story's most elevated stakes thus far.

Climax

The climax is the point the entire story has been building towards. It's the big bang, the last battle, the big kiss.

Resolution

And then, finally, the story is over. The conclusion is a place to catch our breath and look at how the journey has left its mark on our characters permanently.

Week 2 Quiz :

INSTRUCTIONS

Exercises

Exercises 1 : Premiere Pro

Sir Martin assigned us exercises during week one. The activities were all about Premiere Pro software, and Sir Martin began by teaching the fundamentals of the program. After learning the fundamentals, we were assigned to edit two video segments.

First we were asked to download the video clip that had been provided on Google Drive.

After downloading the video, we started using Premiere Pro.

We import all of the videos that have been downloaded from Google Drive. by clicking the Import Media option.

I switched the video view from Icon view to List view to make it easier.

Before rearranging, I change the workspace into assembly. Sir Martin said the assembly workspace is easier to work with.

In the imported video part 1, I dragged and dropped it to the editing location.

When it comes to dragging and dropping for video part 2, Sir Martin suggested a shortcut: choose one of the video clips and double-click it till the "insert" button appears. This allows you to simply insert different video clip segments.

After combining each of the video clips into a video ad, I exported the file using media, naming exercise 1 "0373407_Exercises 1" and saving it in the folder I created.

Exercises 2 : Match the video into correct order

For the next task, we were required to match the randomly organized clips into an entire organized video. I took exactly the same steps as in the last exercise.

First I imported all the video clips into Premiere Pro.

After that I inserted it into the editing area using the same technique in the previous exercises and started matching the clip parts from part 1 to 21.

After that, the video clips can be arranged in the proper order. I export them to the folder I created.

FINAL OUTCOME

Exercises 1 :

Exercises 2 :

Exercises 2

Exercises 2 .1 : Shooting Practice

In class, Sir Martin introduced us to an exercise in video filming. We have 30 minutes to film a eight types of camera shots. Each clip must have these basic rules:

Orientation: Landscape
Duration per shot: 5 seconds
Post-editing: Add captions in Premiere Pro
Optional: Add background music

Required Shot Types :

Close-Up
Medium Close-Up (Frontal)
Medium Shot (Frontal)
Extreme Close-Up
Medium Shot (Side Angle)
Medium Close-Up (3/4 Angle)
Wide Shot (Low Angle)
Medium-Wide Shot (Eye-Level)

Once the shooting results were complete, we were given the job to edit the results using Premiere Pro.

First I imported all my videos into Premiere Pro, and dragged them into the editing area.

Next, I arranged the shooting shot clips so that they looked neat and structured.

From the explanation of the exercise about putting captions, I started editing the captions into each video clip. I watched the editing tutorial given by Sir Martin, I also gave a dissolve effect to the caption.

After that I added a song to add to the atmosphere of the video edit.

For the background song, I cut it to fit my video and added an audio fading effect so that it doesn't sound awkward.

When I exported, there was a problem with the final result of my video. What happened was that suddenly all my clips became overexposed.

At first I was confused as to why this could happen, so I did a lot of research and it turns out this is what happened:

After finding out the problem, I started changing the color settings and doing light adjustments to some of my clips, so that they didn't look too bright or dark.

FINAL OUTCOME

Exercises 3

We were given an exercise, namely shooting exercise. We did the exercise in class with the group that had been selected, we had to do 5 shots in 30 minutes. We were given a reference example that was on google drive.